Peertube, an alternative to YouTube

On the other hand, Peertube will stand out from other platforms through its unique design, which is based on key concepts.

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YouTube always directs the world of entertainment and it is the most used streaming platform. However, this does not mean that as a creator, you have to stay there longer, even if it does not serve the goal. In recent years, YouTube has not been very useful for creators and it has become more and more restrictive.

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Peertube, an alternative to YouTube

Peertube is an alternative video broadcast service in YouTube.

In line with YouTube, Viméo, Dailymotion, Twitch and other others, Peertube allows you to host online videos and make live broadcasts.

On the other hand, Peertube will stand out from other platforms through its unique design, which is based on key concepts.

Decentralization

Peertube is not a centralized service, there is not a unique entity that will monopolize the service and force users to use it through its own prism.

Different entities can install their own PeERTUBE service and offer it (or not) to the public. This is the principle of decentralization.

The principle is very similar to that of electronic messaging. We can create an email address at different suppliers, such as Gmail, Outlook, or Tutanota or Proton. If the interface will change between Gmail and Tutanota, the background service remains the same: the exchange of emails. It is even possible to accommodate your electronic mail service yourself, on our computer or on a rented server online.

The operation of Peertube is similar. We can install our own peertube platform at home, to be able to accommodate and watch videos with family and friends close, or we can register on one of the existing peertube platforms. The choice is free to us.

The peer to peer

Peertube is based on another concept, linked to that of decentralization: peer peer.

To understand this, we must focus on the problem that this concept tends to solve.

When we watch a video, it is temporarily downloaded to our computer (this is the principle of streaming, temporary download of video, whose fragments are self-destruct over time). To be able to download it, we ask the platform that offers the video to send it to us. This therefore requires using bandwidth – space in the pipes that make the data transit -. However, the bandwidth is physically limited by the capacity of these famous pipes. To prevent there be abuses, the bandwidth has a cost, it allows you to control the flow: if you want to use a lot of bandwidth, as a platform that offers content on the Internet, we will have to pay dear.

Here we see the problem taking shape: Transfering a video on the internet requires using a lot of bandwidth.
When it is only a few users who do it at the same time, it does not pose especially a problem, but if many people seek to watch our videos at the same time, then we find ourselves quickly, be limited by our Topped bandwidth, either to have to pay * very * dear to cope with the influx. It is for this reason that there are, in the end, very few centralized platforms to broadcast video: it requires a lot of money. This is where the concept of peer to peer intervenes.

When we watch a video on Peertube, we ask the platform to send us the video. However, if the platform detects that other users are watching the same video and we already downloaded the fragments that interest us, then these are the other users that will send us, automatically, these fragments. The platform will only send us the video if other users are too slow to send them to us.

This concept allows small entities (an individual, a family, an association, a small business, a community, etc.) to be able to host their videos themselves at a lower cost.

The Federation

Thus, the first two concepts allow us to draw a major idea of ​​Peertube: it is possible to self-heberge.

However, self-hosting often causes a risk of isolation. Like the discussion forums which were very popular in the early 2000s, by self-hosted, we often find ourselves in small communities, not very visible from the outside. This can be a desired feature, but some entities will rather want to have visibility, have more people who interact with their videos, comment on them, etc.

The Federation makes it possible to respond to this wish. All Peertube platforms can, if they wish, interact with each other. That is to say that we can on our self-heberged platform interact both with the videos posted by our family, but also with those broadcast on another platform, posted by Framasoft, or on this Unknown videographer posting too cute cat videos.

The Federation makes it possible not to remain isolated by one of others but to build a huge network of Peertube platforms.

The Fediverse

So Peertube is federated. Peertube platforms communicate with each other and create a huge decentralized platform.

However, the power of the federation does not stop in Peertube.
For several years, various services have been designed and arise as strong alternatives to the centralized private services that we know (YouTube, Twitter, Instagram, etc.).

The majority of these services decided to use the same language to build their federation. This choice has a strong consequence: the majority of these decentralized and federated services can interact one with others.

For example, Mastodon, a decentralized and federated alternative to Twitter, allows us to consult the videos posted on Peertube and interact with: we can indicate that we like video, post a comment, see the latest videos of our videographer preferred to be displayed directly in our news feed, etc.

This concept of federation between the various alternative services is called the Fediverse: the contraction of Federated And Universe, The federated universe.

How to try Peertube ?

To try Peertube, the easiest way is to go to the official website, which will bring together resources to understand what Peertube is and how to use it: https: // Joinpeertube.Org/

The home page will help understand what Peertube is. In the menu, above, we will find three other pages:

• Browse the contents, which will allow us to use a search engine to find videos present on one of the Peertube platforms
• Publish videos, which will guide us to create a PeERTUBE account on one of the existing peertube platforms (or the ours, self-heberged).
• FAQ, which will answer many of our questions if after these first three pages we still have them.

Conclusion

Peertube is revolutionary software, making it possible to regain control over a section of our digital environment by solving a technical problem but also and above all political: how to accommodate videos, without having to sell a kidney or offer our content and the Analysis of our behavior to digital capitalist giants.

If you have any questions or comments about the operation of Peertube, do not hesitate to tell us in comments !

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